Python Classes and Objects
In Python, a class is a blueprint for creating objects. Objects are instances of classes, and they represent real-world entities. A class defines the attributes and methods that the objects of that class will have.
Here's a simple example of a class in Python:
class Dog:
def __init__(self, name, breed):
self.name = name
self.breed = breed
def bark(self):
print("Woof! My name is", self.name)
In this example, the class Dog has two attributes name and breed, and a method bark. The __init__ method is a special method that is called when an object of the class is created, and it is used to initialize the attributes of the object. The self parameter refers to the object itself, and it is used to access the attributes and methods of the object.
To create an object of the class, you simply call the class name as if it were a function:
dog1 = Dog("Fido", "Labrador")
dog2 = Dog("Buddy", "Golden Retriever")
You can access the attributes of an object using the dot (.) operator:
print(dog1.name) # Output: Fido
print(dog1.breed) # Output: Labrador
print(dog2.name) # Output: Buddy
print(dog2.breed) # Output: Golden Retriever
And you can call the methods of an object using the dot (.) operator:
dog1.bark() # Output: Woof! My name is Fido
dog2.bark() # Output: Woof! My name is Buddy
This is a basic example of how classes and objects work in Python. With classes and objects, you can model real-world entities and their behavior in your programs, making your code more organized and structured.
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