Operators and expressions
Operators in VBA are symbols or keywords that perform mathematical, logical, or comparison operations on one or more values, called operands. Expressions in VBA are combinations of operators, operands, and functions that result in a value or a reference to a value.
Here are some examples of operators in VBA:
- Arithmetic operators: + (addition), - (subtraction), * (multiplication), / (division), \ (integer division), ^ (exponentiation)
Dim x As Integer
Dim y As Integer
x = 5
y = 2
Debug.Print x + y 'outputs 7
Debug.Print x / y 'outputs 2.5
Debug.Print x \ y 'outputs 2
Debug.Print x ^ y 'outputs 25
- Comparison operators: = (equal to), <> (not equal to), > (greater than), < (less than), >= (greater than or equal to), <= (less than or equal to)
Dim a As Integer
Dim b As Integer
a = 10
b = 5
Debug.Print a = b 'outputs False
Debug.Print a <> b 'outputs True
Debug.Print a > b 'outputs True
Debug.Print a <= b 'outputs False
- Logical operators: And, Or, Not
Dim p As Boolean
Dim q As Boolean
p = True
q = False
Debug.Print p And q 'outputs False
Debug.Print p Or q 'outputs True
Debug.Print Not p 'outputs False
To create expressions in VBA, you can combine operators and operands. Here are some examples:
Dim x As Integer
Dim y As Integer
x = 5
y = 2
Dim z As Integer
z = x + y * 3 ' z = 11
Dim isGreater As Boolean
isGreater = x > y ' isGreater = True
Dim isPositive As Boolean
isPositive = (x > 0) And (y > 0) ' isPositive = True
In the first example, the expression x + y * 3 first multiplies y by 3, and then adds the result to x. In the second example, the expression x > y compares x to y and returns a Boolean value (True or False). In the third example, the expression (x > 0) And (y > 0) combines two comparison expressions using the logical operator And, and returns True only if both expressions are true.
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