Cloud Computing Interview Questions

1.      What is cloud computing?

Answer: Cloud computing is a model for delivering IT services over the internet, where users can access shared resources, such as storage, servers, and applications, on-demand. It allows for greater flexibility, scalability, and cost-efficiency compared to traditional on-premises IT systems.

2.      What are the different types of cloud computing?

Answer: The three main types of cloud computing are:

·        Public cloud: services and infrastructure owned and operated by a third-party provider and made available to the public over the internet.

·        Private cloud: services and infrastructure owned and operated by a single organization and dedicated to the exclusive use of that organization.

·        Hybrid cloud: a combination of public and private clouds, where sensitive data is kept in a private cloud while other data and applications are hosted in a public cloud.

3.      What are the benefits of cloud computing?

Answer: The main benefits of cloud computing include:

·        Scalability: the ability to increase or decrease resources as needed

·        Flexibility: the ability to access resources from anywhere with an internet connection

·        Cost-efficiency: the ability to pay for resources on an as-needed basis and avoid the costs of purchasing and maintaining infrastructure

·        High availability: the ability to provide high levels of service uptime through the use of redundant resources

4.      What are the different cloud deployment models?

Answer: The different cloud deployment models include:

·        Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): provides virtualized computing resources over the internet.

·        Platform as a Service (PaaS): provides a platform for developing and deploying web applications and services over the internet.

·        Software as a Service (SaaS): provides software applications over the internet on a subscription basis.

5.      How does cloud computing impact disaster recovery and business continuity?

Answer: Cloud computing provides several benefits for disaster recovery and business continuity, such as:

·        Automated backups and data replication: data can be automatically backed up and replicated to multiple locations for protection against data loss.

·        High availability: resources can be quickly and easily provisioned in the event of an outage to minimize downtime.

·        Flexibility: organizations can choose from different disaster recovery options, such as using multiple availability zones or regions, to best suit their needs.

6.      What is multi-cloud and why is it important?

Answer: Multi-cloud is a strategy that uses multiple cloud services from different providers to improve flexibility, reduce vendor lock-in, and increase availability. It allows organizations to take advantage of the strengths of different cloud providers and avoid the limitations of a single provider.

7.      What is the role of API in cloud computing?

Answer: API (Application Programming Interface) allows different software systems to communicate with each other. In cloud computing, API enables integration with other systems, enables automation, and allows for the development of custom solutions and integrations.

8.      What is cloud security and how can it be achieved?

Answer: Cloud security is the protection of data and resources in a cloud computing environment. It can be achieved through a combination of technical, administrative, and physical controls, such as encryption, access management, and security testing. Additionally, compliance with industry-standard regulations and guidelines, such as SOC 2, ISO 27001, and PCI DSS, can help ensure security in a cloud computing environment.

9.      What is serverless computing and how does it differ from traditional cloud computing?

Answer: Serverless computing is a cloud computing model in which the cloud provider manages the servers and the user is only responsible for writing and managing the code. The cloud provider automatically provisions and scales the resources as needed, and the user is only charged for the resources used. This is different from traditional cloud computing, where the user is responsible for managing and scaling the resources.

10.   What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC) and how does it relate to cloud computing?

Answer: Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is a practice of managing and provisioning infrastructure using code, rather than manual configuration. This allows for the automation of provisioning, scaling, and management of cloud infrastructure, and makes it easier to version control, test, and rollback changes. IaC is a key aspect of cloud computing, as it allows for the programmatic management of cloud resources.

11.   What is the purpose of a cloud management platform (CMP)?

Answer: A cloud management platform (CMP) is a software that allows for the management and automation of cloud resources. It enables organizations to provision, configure, and monitor resources across multiple cloud providers and environments. CMPs can also provide cost management, security, and compliance features, making it easier for organizations to manage their cloud infrastructure.

12.   What is the difference between cloud bursting and cloud scaling?

Answer: Cloud bursting is the process of temporarily increasing capacity in the cloud to handle a spike in demand, and then releasing that capacity when demand subsides. Cloud scaling, on the other hand, is the process of adjusting the amount of cloud resources to meet ongoing demand. Cloud bursting is typically used for short-term, unexpected spikes in demand, while cloud scaling is used for long-term changes in demand.

13.   What is the role of containers in cloud computing?

Answer: Containers are a technology that allows for the packaging and deployment of applications and their dependencies in a single, portable unit. They can be easily moved between environments, making them ideal for cloud computing. Containers enable faster deployment, better resource utilization, and easier scaling of applications. They can also be used to improve security and compliance by isolating applications and their dependencies.

14.   What is the importance of monitoring and logging in cloud computing?

Answer: Monitoring and logging are important in cloud computing because they provide visibility into the performance and health of cloud resources, allowing organizations to quickly identify and troubleshoot issues. Monitoring enables organizations to track resource usage, identify bottlenecks and performance issues, and ensure compliance with service level agreements (SLAs). Logging captures events, errors, and other information that can be used to troubleshoot issues, understand user behavior, and improve security. Together, monitoring and logging can help organizations ensure the availability, performance, and security of their cloud resources.

15.   How does cloud computing support DevOps?

Answer: Cloud computing supports DevOps by providing a flexible and scalable infrastructure that can be easily provisioned and configured using code. This allows for faster development and deployment of applications, as well as the ability to easily test and rollback changes. Additionally, cloud computing enables continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) by providing the infrastructure to automatically build, test, and deploy code changes.

16.   What are some common cloud migration strategies?

Answer: Some common cloud migration strategies include:

·        Lift and shift: moving existing applications and workloads to the cloud without making significant changes to the architecture.

·        Re-platforming: making changes to the architecture or infrastructure to take advantage of cloud-native features and services.

·        Re-architecting: redesigning the application to take full advantage of cloud-native features and services.

·        Cloud-native development: building new applications specifically for the cloud, using cloud-native technologies and services.

17.   How does cloud computing support disaster recovery and business continuity?

Answer: Cloud computing supports disaster recovery and business continuity by providing the ability to replicate data across multiple locations, use multiple availability zones or regions, and quickly provision additional resources in case of an outage. Additionally, cloud providers often have built-in disaster recovery and business continuity features, such as automated backups and disaster recovery plans.

18.   How does cloud computing support compliance and security?

Answer: Cloud computing supports compliance and security by providing built-in security features, such as encryption and access controls, as well as compliance with industry-standard regulations and guidelines. Additionally, cloud providers often have dedicated security teams and processes in place to ensure the security of their infrastructure and services. Organizations can also use cloud-based security solutions and services to meet their compliance and security needs.

19.   How does cloud computing support cost optimization?

Answer: Cloud computing supports cost optimization by providing the ability to pay for only the resources used, rather than having to invest in expensive infrastructure upfront. Additionally, cloud providers often offer a variety of pricing options, such as reserved instances and spot instances, that can help organizations lower costs. Cloud providers also provide tools and services for monitoring and controlling costs, such as cost management and budgeting tools.

20.   How does Cloud Native Architecture differ from Traditional Architecture?

Answer: Cloud Native Architecture is an approach that is built around cloud-native technologies and services, such as containers, Kubernetes, and serverless functions. It is designed to take full advantage of the scalability, elasticity, and cost benefits of the cloud. Traditional architecture, on the other hand, is built around traditional on-premises infrastructure and may not be optimized for cloud environments. Cloud Native Architecture is designed to be more agile, scalable and efficient than traditional architecture, it’s also more resilient to failures and is designed to be deployed in a distributed environment.

21.   How does Cloud Governance differ from Cloud Management?

Answer: Cloud Governance refers to the policies, procedures, and standards that are put in place to ensure compliance, security, and proper use of cloud resources. It covers the management of the governance of the cloud environment to ensure that the environment is secure, compliant, and that the cloud resources are being used efficiently. Cloud management, on the other hand, refers to the day-to-day management and administration of cloud resources, including provisioning, monitoring.